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Question 1 of 40
1. Question
Miss R, a 7 year old girl weighing 24kg, has been admitted to hospital for surgery under anaesthetic. During the operation she is given an initial intravenous dose of 3mcg/kg fentanyl injection followed by a supplemental dose of 1.25mcg/kg half an hour later.
Given that fentanyl injections contain 100mcg/2ml, what is the total volume of fentanyl injection that is administered to Miss R during the operation? Give your answer to two decimal places.
Correct
Initially 3mcg/kg x 24kg = 72mcg
Then 1.25mcg/kg x 24kg = 30mcgTotal dose administered = 72 + 30 = 102mcg
Volume of fentanyl: 100mcg : 2ml
102mcg : 2.04ml
Therefore 2.04mlIncorrect
Initially 3mcg/kg x 24kg = 72mcg
Then 1.25mcg/kg x 24kg = 30mcgTotal dose administered = 72 + 30 = 102mcg
Volume of fentanyl: 100mcg : 2ml
102mcg : 2.04ml
Therefore 2.04ml -
Question 2 of 40
2. Question
Mr M, a 45 year old man who weighs 72kg, regularly takes sodium valproate tablets for the management of epilepsy. He is currently unable to take medication orally and the doctors have decided to administer the sodium valproate by intravenous injection at a dose of 9mg/kg. Sodium valproate injection is available as a 400mg vial which is reconstituted with 4ml water for injections prior to administration to yield a concentration of 95mg/ml.
Given that the doctors have requested the dose be given over 5 minutes, at what rate in ml/min should the injection be administered? Give your answer to one decimal place.
Correct
Dose = 9mg/kg x 72kg = 648mg
Concentration of reconstituted vial = 95mg in 1ml
648mg in xml
X = (648/95) x 1 = 6.82105263ml = total volume to be administered
Administration time = 5 minutes
Therefore 6.82105263ml in 5 minutes
Xml in 1 minute
X = (1/5) x 6.82105263 = 1.36421053ml/min = 1.4ml/minIncorrect
Dose = 9mg/kg x 72kg = 648mg
Concentration of reconstituted vial = 95mg in 1ml
648mg in xml
X = (648/95) x 1 = 6.82105263ml = total volume to be administered
Administration time = 5 minutes
Therefore 6.82105263ml in 5 minutes
Xml in 1 minute
X = (1/5) x 6.82105263 = 1.36421053ml/min = 1.4ml/min -
Question 3 of 40
3. Question
Mrs N, a 55 year old woman who weighs 67kg and is 1.69m tall is being treated for breast cancer. As part of her chemotherapy regimen, she is to receive doxorubicin at a dose of 35mg/m2 every three weeks.
Using the National Dose Banding table provided, calculate the volume of doxorubicin that Mrs N will receive per dose.
Correct
First calculate the dose Mrs N should receive according to her BSA.
BSA = 1.77349m2
Dose = 35mg/m2 x 1.77349 = 62.0722mgUsing the national dose banding table, a dose of 62.0722mg is rounded to 60mg.
Strength of the preparation = 2mg/ml
2mg in 1ml
60mg in x ml
X = (60/2) x 1 = 30mlIncorrect
First calculate the dose Mrs N should receive according to her BSA.
BSA = 1.77349m2
Dose = 35mg/m2 x 1.77349 = 62.0722mgUsing the national dose banding table, a dose of 62.0722mg is rounded to 60mg.
Strength of the preparation = 2mg/ml
2mg in 1ml
60mg in x ml
X = (60/2) x 1 = 30mlHint
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Question 4 of 40
4. Question
Mrs S presents at your pharmacy asking for advice. She is eager to lose weight and has started a fitness regime at her local gym. She currently weighs 12stone 7lb and has a height of 165cm.
How much weight, in kg, does Mrs S need to lose in order to reach a body mass index of 24.9? Give your answer to two decimal places.
Correct
1 stone = 6.35kg
12 stone = 76.2kg1lb = 0.45kg
7lb = 3.15kgTherefore Mrs S weighs 76.2 + 3.15 = 79.35kg
BMI = weight (kg) / (height (m))2
24.9 = weight / (1.65)2
24.9 x 2.7225 = weight
Weight = 67.79025kgTherefore weight loss required = 79.35 – 67.79025 = 11.55975kg = 11.56kg
Incorrect
1 stone = 6.35kg
12 stone = 76.2kg1lb = 0.45kg
7lb = 3.15kgTherefore Mrs S weighs 76.2 + 3.15 = 79.35kg
BMI = weight (kg) / (height (m))2
24.9 = weight / (1.65)2
24.9 x 2.7225 = weight
Weight = 67.79025kgTherefore weight loss required = 79.35 – 67.79025 = 11.55975kg = 11.56kg
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Question 5 of 40
5. Question
Master P, a 5 year old boy weighing 19kg is undergoing a tonsillectomy under general anaesthetic. The procedure is to last 45 minutes during which he is administered remifentanil infusion at a dose of 5mcg/kg/hour. Following reconstitution of the vial, the nurse dilutes further with glucose 5% to the minimum suggested concentration for intravenous infusion.
At what rate in ml/min should the remifentanil infusion be administered? Give your answer to two decimal places.
Correct
5mcg/kg/hour x 19kg = 95mcg/hour
From the resource, the minimum concentration for a child of 1-12 years is 20mcg/ml.
20mcg : 1ml
95mcg : 4.75mlTherefore 4.75ml/hour
4.75ml in 60 minutes
Xml in 1 minute
X = 4.75/60 = 0.07916667 = 0.08ml/minIncorrect
5mcg/kg/hour x 19kg = 95mcg/hour
From the resource, the minimum concentration for a child of 1-12 years is 20mcg/ml.
20mcg : 1ml
95mcg : 4.75mlTherefore 4.75ml/hour
4.75ml in 60 minutes
Xml in 1 minute
X = 4.75/60 = 0.07916667 = 0.08ml/minHint
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Question 6 of 40
6. Question
Miss S, a 6 year old girl weighing 23kg, is being started on carbamazepine for seizure control. Her mother presents you with the following prescription written by the neurologist:
Initially 5mg/kg daily to be given in two divided doses, then increase total daily dose by 2.5mg/kg every 4 days, until a total daily dose of 15mg/kg is reached. Maintenance 15mg/kg daily in two divided doses.
What volume in ml of carbamazepine 100mg/5ml oral suspension do you need to dispense to provide a four week supply?
Correct
5mg/kg x 23kg = 115mg x 4 days = 460mg
7.5mg/kg x 23kg = 172.5mg x 4 days = 690mg
10mg/kg x 23kg = 230mg x 4 days = 920mg
12.5mg/kg x 23kg = 287.5mg x 4 days = 1150mg4 weeks = 28 days – (4×4) = 12 days remaining at a dose of 15mg/kg
15mg/kg x 23kg = 345mg x 12 days = 4140mgTotal mg = 460 + 690 + 920 + 1150 + 4140 = 7360mg
100mg in 5ml
7360mg in xmlX = (7360/100) x 5 = 368ml
Incorrect
5mg/kg x 23kg = 115mg x 4 days = 460mg
7.5mg/kg x 23kg = 172.5mg x 4 days = 690mg
10mg/kg x 23kg = 230mg x 4 days = 920mg
12.5mg/kg x 23kg = 287.5mg x 4 days = 1150mg4 weeks = 28 days – (4×4) = 12 days remaining at a dose of 15mg/kg
15mg/kg x 23kg = 345mg x 12 days = 4140mgTotal mg = 460 + 690 + 920 + 1150 + 4140 = 7360mg
100mg in 5ml
7360mg in xmlX = (7360/100) x 5 = 368ml
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Question 7 of 40
7. Question
Mr F, a 54 year old man weighing 71kg is to be given an intravenous loading dose of drug X. The drug has a volume of distribution of 6 litres per kilogram body weight.
What dose of drug X in mcg should be administered to Mr F to achieve a target plasma concentration of 2 nanograms per ml?
Correct
Vd = 6L/kg x 71kg = 426L
Cp = (2ng/ml) x 1000ml = (2000ng/L)/1000 = 2mcg/L
F = 1 as intravenous administrationLd = 426L x 2mcg/L
= 852mcgIncorrect
Vd = 6L/kg x 71kg = 426L
Cp = (2ng/ml) x 1000ml = (2000ng/L)/1000 = 2mcg/L
F = 1 as intravenous administrationLd = 426L x 2mcg/L
= 852mcg -
Question 8 of 40
8. Question
You have been asked to prepare 175g of a 1 in 5 dilution of Haelan cream in a suitable diluent.
What weight of fludroxycortide in mg will be contained in the final cream to be prepared? Give your answer to one decimal place.
Correct
1 in 5 dilution means a total of 5 parts – 1 part Haelan cream to 4 parts diluent
175g/5 = 35g
Therefore the final cream contains 35g of Haelan cream
From the resource, Haelan cream contains fludroxycortide in a strength of 0.0125% w/w 0.0125g : 100g
Xmcg: 35g
X = (35/100) x 0.0125 = 0.004375g x 1000 = 4.375mg = 4.4mgIncorrect
1 in 5 dilution means a total of 5 parts – 1 part Haelan cream to 4 parts diluent
175g/5 = 35g
Therefore the final cream contains 35g of Haelan cream
From the resource, Haelan cream contains fludroxycortide in a strength of 0.0125% w/w 0.0125g : 100g
Xmcg: 35g
X = (35/100) x 0.0125 = 0.004375g x 1000 = 4.375mg = 4.4mgHint
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Question 9 of 40
9. Question
Mr P starts receiving a 250ml infusion at 20:00 on Monday evening at rate of 4ml/hour. At 23:30 that evening, the nurse increases the rate of infusion.
Given that the infusion is complete the following day, Tuesday at 17:30, what is the rate in ml/hour of infusion that the nurses increases it to? Give your answer to one decimal place.
Correct
The infusion starts at 8pm on Monday at a rate of 4ml/hour until 11:30pm
8pm to 11:30 = 3.5 hours x 4ml/hour= 14mlTherefore, amount remaining in infusion = 250 – 14 = 236ml
From 11:30pm on Monday to 5:30pm on Tuesday = 18 hours
Therefore 236ml in 18 hours
Xml in 1 hour
X = (1/18) x 236 = 13.1111ml/hourIncorrect
The infusion starts at 8pm on Monday at a rate of 4ml/hour until 11:30pm
8pm to 11:30 = 3.5 hours x 4ml/hour= 14mlTherefore, amount remaining in infusion = 250 – 14 = 236ml
From 11:30pm on Monday to 5:30pm on Tuesday = 18 hours
Therefore 236ml in 18 hours
Xml in 1 hour
X = (1/18) x 236 = 13.1111ml/hour -
Question 10 of 40
10. Question
Mr R is receiving an intravenous infusion with the following formula:
Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) 125mmol/L
Sodium chloride (NaCl) 100mmol/L
Potassium chloride (KCl) 60mmol/LThe molecular weight of sodium is 23g/mol, hydrogen is 1g/mol, carbon is 12g/mol, oxygen 16g/mol, chlorine is 35.5g/mol and potassium is 39g/mol.
Given that the rate of infusion is 6.25ml/min, what weight of sodium in grams will Mr R have received after two hours of having the infusion? Give your answer to one decimal place.
Correct
2 hours = 120 minutes
6.25ml/minute x 120 minutes = 750ml
Sodium comes from sodium bicarbonate and sodium chloride:
Sodium bicarbonate: 125mmol : 1 litre
93.75mmol : 750ml
Sodium chloride: 100mmol : 1 litre
75mmol : 750mlTherefore total sodium received in two hours: 93.75 + 75 = 168.75mmol
Use moles = mass/rmm
168.75 = mass/23
168.75 x 23 = mass
Mass = 3881.25 mg/1000 = 3.88125g = 3.9gIncorrect
2 hours = 120 minutes
6.25ml/minute x 120 minutes = 750ml
Sodium comes from sodium bicarbonate and sodium chloride:
Sodium bicarbonate: 125mmol : 1 litre
93.75mmol : 750ml
Sodium chloride: 100mmol : 1 litre
75mmol : 750mlTherefore total sodium received in two hours: 93.75 + 75 = 168.75mmol
Use moles = mass/rmm
168.75 = mass/23
168.75 x 23 = mass
Mass = 3881.25 mg/1000 = 3.88125g = 3.9g -
Question 11 of 40
11. Question
You receive request to produce a batch of 50 morphine hydrochloride suppositories using Theobroma oil as the base. Each suppository is to contain 25mg of morphine hydrochloride and have a final weight of 1g. The displacement value for morphine hydrochloride in Theobroma oil is 1.6.
What is the total quantity of Theobroma oil base in grams needed if a 5% wastage is expected during the manufacturing process? Give your answer to one decimal place.
Correct
Use base = (no. of suppositories x mould capacity) – (total drug (g) /displacement)
Total drug = 50 x 25mg = 1250mg/1000 = 1.25g
Therefore base = (50 x 1) – (1.25/1.6)
Base = 50 – 0.78125
Base = 49.21875g
5% wastage is expected, therefore must add 5% extra to base needed:
= 49.21875g + 5% = 51.6796875g = 51.7gIncorrect
Use base = (no. of suppositories x mould capacity) – (total drug (g) /displacement)
Total drug = 50 x 25mg = 1250mg/1000 = 1.25g
Therefore base = (50 x 1) – (1.25/1.6)
Base = 50 – 0.78125
Base = 49.21875g
5% wastage is expected, therefore must add 5% extra to base needed:
= 49.21875g + 5% = 51.6796875g = 51.7g -
Question 12 of 40
12. Question
At a routine blood test, a 2ml sample of Mr A’s blood is found to contain 6.4mg of sodium.
Given that the molecular weight of sodium is 23g/mol, what is Mr A’s serum sodium concentration expressed in mmol/L? Give your answer to the nearest whole number.
Correct
6.4mg in 2ml
Xmg in 1000mlX = (1000/2) x 6.4 = 3200mg
Therefore there is 3200mg sodium in 1000ml
Use moles = mass/rmm
Moles = 3200/23
= 139.130mmol = 139mmol/LIncorrect
6.4mg in 2ml
Xmg in 1000mlX = (1000/2) x 6.4 = 3200mg
Therefore there is 3200mg sodium in 1000ml
Use moles = mass/rmm
Moles = 3200/23
= 139.130mmol = 139mmol/L -
Question 13 of 40
13. Question
Mrs M, a 55 year old woman weighing 66kg is admitted to hospital suffering with severe pneumonia. Blood tests on admission yield a creatinine level of 136 micromol/L. The doctors start Mrs M on an intravenous infusion of Tazocin.
What quantity of piperacillin in g is Mrs M receiving daily?
Correct
CrCl = ((140 – 55) x 66 x 1.04)/136 = 42.9ml/min
From SPC, a creatinine clearance greater than 40ml/min in adults does not require any dose adjustments. The dose for severe pneumonia is 4.5g every 6 hours (4g piperacillin and 0.5g tazobactam).
Total piperacillin Mrs M is receiving daily = 4g every 6 hours = 4 x 4 = 16gIncorrect
CrCl = ((140 – 55) x 66 x 1.04)/136 = 42.9ml/min
From SPC, a creatinine clearance greater than 40ml/min in adults does not require any dose adjustments. The dose for severe pneumonia is 4.5g every 6 hours (4g piperacillin and 0.5g tazobactam).
Total piperacillin Mrs M is receiving daily = 4g every 6 hours = 4 x 4 = 16gHint
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Question 14 of 40
14. Question
Mr L, a 42 year old man, is taken to hospital via ambulance following a car accident. On admission, he is found to have lost a significant amount of blood and the medical team are concerned that he is becoming haemodynamically unstable. The team decide to administer two units of packed red blood cells (PRBC) over 4 hours via a gravity set with a drop factor of 32.
Given that one unit of PRBC is 310ml, what is the drip rate, in drops per minute? Give your answer to the nearest whole number.
Correct
Drip rate (drops/hour) = ((2×310) x 32) / 4
= 4960 drops/hour(4960 drops/hour)/60 = 82.666667 drops/minute = 83 drops/minute
Incorrect
Drip rate (drops/hour) = ((2×310) x 32) / 4
= 4960 drops/hour(4960 drops/hour)/60 = 82.666667 drops/minute = 83 drops/minute
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Question 15 of 40
15. Question
Miss W, a 9 year old girl weighing 31kg is receiving intravenous fluid therapy in hospital. She begins to experience symptoms of hyponatraemia including nausea, vomiting and lethargy. Plasma sodium levels are measured at 128mmol/L and Miss W is given an IV bolus dose of 2ml/kg sodium chloride 2.7% w/v over 10 minutes.
What weight of sodium chloride in grams does Miss W receive over 10 minutes? Give your answer to two decimal places.
Correct
2ml/kg x 31kg = 62ml
2.7% = 2.7g in 100ml
Xg in 62ml
X = (62/100) x 2.7 = 1.674g = 1.67gIncorrect
2ml/kg x 31kg = 62ml
2.7% = 2.7g in 100ml
Xg in 62ml
X = (62/100) x 2.7 = 1.674g = 1.67g -
Question 16 of 40
16. Question
Mr N, a 32 year old man has been admitted to hospital with a severe respiratory tract infection. After assessment, Mr N is prescribed an intravenous infusion of clarithromycin at a dose of 500mg every 12 hours. Clarithromycin is available as a 500mg vial which the nurse reconstitutes with 10ml water for injections and further dilutes with sodium chloride 0.9%w/v to a concentration of 2mg/ml. Each dose is infused over 60 minutes.
What volume in ml of sodium chloride 0.9%w/v will be used to prepare each infusion?
Correct
For reconstitution: 500mg in 10ml WFI
Dilution with NaCl: 2mg in 1ml
500mg in xml
X = (500/2) x 1 = 250mlTherefore total volume of infusion is 250ml = volume following reconstitution with WFI (10ml) + volume of NaCl
= 250ml = 10ml + NaCl
= 250-10 = NaCl
NaCl = 240mlIncorrect
For reconstitution: 500mg in 10ml WFI
Dilution with NaCl: 2mg in 1ml
500mg in xml
X = (500/2) x 1 = 250mlTherefore total volume of infusion is 250ml = volume following reconstitution with WFI (10ml) + volume of NaCl
= 250ml = 10ml + NaCl
= 250-10 = NaCl
NaCl = 240ml -
Question 17 of 40
17. Question
Mr S, a 29 year old with type 1 diabetes is in hospital waiting to undergo major surgery. During the procedure, Mr S will be administered a 500ml intravenous infusion of 5%w/v glucose and 0.15%w/v potassium chloride. The infusion will be run at a rate of 100ml/hour.
Given that the molecular weight of potassium is 39g/mol and chlorine is 35.5g/mol, how many mmol of potassium chloride will Mr S receive per hour? Give your answer to the nearest whole number.
Correct
Rate of infusion = 100ml/hour
Strength of KCl = 0.15g in 100ml
Therefore each hour Mr S will receive 0.15g KCl
RMM KCl = 39 + 35.5 = 74.5
Use moles = mass/rmm
Moles = 0.15/74.5
= 0.002013 mol x 1000 = 2.013mmol = 2mmolIncorrect
Rate of infusion = 100ml/hour
Strength of KCl = 0.15g in 100ml
Therefore each hour Mr S will receive 0.15g KCl
RMM KCl = 39 + 35.5 = 74.5
Use moles = mass/rmm
Moles = 0.15/74.5
= 0.002013 mol x 1000 = 2.013mmol = 2mmol -
Question 18 of 40
18. Question
Ms R, a 68 year old woman weighing 66kg has been diagnosed with multiple myeloma and the doctors have decided to initiate treatment with melphalan. Melphalan can be administered orally at a dose of 150mcg/kg daily for 4 days with the cycle repeated every 6 weeks, or it can be administered as an intravenous injection at a dose of 0.4mg/kg once every 4 weeks. Melphalan injection should be prepared immediately before use and any unused solution should be discarded after an hour.
What is the difference in cost between Ms R taking melphalan orally or by intravenous injection over a 15 week period? Give your answer to the nearest whole number.
Correct
Cost of using tablets:
150mcg/kg x 66kg = 9900mcg / 1000 = 9.9mg daily
Tablets are 2mg – 9.9mg/2mg = 4.95 tablets = 5 tablets daily
Four days per cycle = 5×4 = 20 tablets per cycle
Each cycle is 6 weeks, in 15 weeks there will be 3 cycles (start on day 1, then at 6 weeks, then at 12 weeks)
Therefore 20 tablets x 3 = 60Cost – £45.38 for 25 tablets
£x for 60 tablets
X = (60/25) x 45.38 = £108.912Cost of using injection:
0.4mg/kg x 66kg = 26.4mg once every 4 weeks
Each vial is 50mg and unused solution needs to be discarded after an hour. Therefore the patient will need to use one vial for each dose i.e. every 4 weeks.
In 15 weeks, the patient will need 4 vials (start on day 1, then at week 4, then week 8, then week 12)Cost – £137.37/vial x 4 vials = £549.48
Difference in cost – £549.48 – £108.912 = £440.568 = £441
Incorrect
Cost of using tablets:
150mcg/kg x 66kg = 9900mcg / 1000 = 9.9mg daily
Tablets are 2mg – 9.9mg/2mg = 4.95 tablets = 5 tablets daily
Four days per cycle = 5×4 = 20 tablets per cycle
Each cycle is 6 weeks, in 15 weeks there will be 3 cycles (start on day 1, then at 6 weeks, then at 12 weeks)
Therefore 20 tablets x 3 = 60Cost – £45.38 for 25 tablets
£x for 60 tablets
X = (60/25) x 45.38 = £108.912Cost of using injection:
0.4mg/kg x 66kg = 26.4mg once every 4 weeks
Each vial is 50mg and unused solution needs to be discarded after an hour. Therefore the patient will need to use one vial for each dose i.e. every 4 weeks.
In 15 weeks, the patient will need 4 vials (start on day 1, then at week 4, then week 8, then week 12)Cost – £137.37/vial x 4 vials = £549.48
Difference in cost – £549.48 – £108.912 = £440.568 = £441
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Question 19 of 40
19. Question
You have in stock a 0.5% w/w hydrocortisone butyrate ointment which you dilute to a strength of 0.125%w/w using emulsifying ointment.
If the final ointment comprises one part of the stock 0.5%w/w hydrocortisone butyrate ointment, how many parts of the final ointment is made up of emulsifying ointment?
Correct
Dilution factor = 0.5/0.125 = 4
Therefore the ointment is diluted 4 times. This is a 1 in 4 dilution, meaning there is a total of 4 parts in the final ointment. If one part is the 0.5% ointment, 4-1 = 3 parts is the emulsifying ointment.Incorrect
Dilution factor = 0.5/0.125 = 4
Therefore the ointment is diluted 4 times. This is a 1 in 4 dilution, meaning there is a total of 4 parts in the final ointment. If one part is the 0.5% ointment, 4-1 = 3 parts is the emulsifying ointment. -
Question 20 of 40
20. Question
You have been asked to advise on a suitable dose of levetiracetam for Mrs Z, an 80 year old woman, who is suffering with partial seizures. Mrs Z weighs 60kg and has a height of 1.68m. Her latest blood test yielded a serum creatinine level of 1.32mg/dl.
What is the maximum daily dose in mg of levetiracetam that Mrs Z can take?
Correct
From SPC, special precautions need to be taken for patients over 65 years of age with impaired renal function.
BSA = 1.6733200530m2
Using the formulae provided in the spc:CrCl = ((140 – 80) x 60)/(72×1.32)) x 0.85
CrCl = 32.1969697ml/minAdjusted CrCl = (32.1969697/1.6733200530) x 1.73 = 33.28757ml/min
Therefore Mrs Z has moderate renal impairment and should receive a dose of 250mg to 750mg twice daily.
Therefore the maximum daily dose Mrs Z can take = 750mg bd = 1500mgIncorrect
From SPC, special precautions need to be taken for patients over 65 years of age with impaired renal function.
BSA = 1.6733200530m2
Using the formulae provided in the spc:CrCl = ((140 – 80) x 60)/(72×1.32)) x 0.85
CrCl = 32.1969697ml/minAdjusted CrCl = (32.1969697/1.6733200530) x 1.73 = 33.28757ml/min
Therefore Mrs Z has moderate renal impairment and should receive a dose of 250mg to 750mg twice daily.
Therefore the maximum daily dose Mrs Z can take = 750mg bd = 1500mgHint
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Question 21 of 40
21. Question
Mrs R, a 45 year old woman, has just undergone surgery in her right eye and hasbeen instructed to apply one drop of loteprednol etabonate 0.5%w/v eye drops to the right eye every 6 hours. She is to start using the drops 24 hours after surgery and continue until the doctor reviews her in a few days’ time. Mrs R starts using the eye drops at midday on 6th April and sees the doctor at 3pm on 9th April.
Given that each drop contains 0.19mg of loteprednol etabonate, what volume of eye drops would Mrs R have used by the time she attends her doctor’s appointment on 9th April? Give your answer to one decimal place.
Correct
Mrs R uses the eye drops every 6 hours starting at midday on 6th April. Her appointment is at 3pm on 9th April which means that the last administration would be at midday on that day.
Midday 6th April to midday 9th April = 72 hours.
Total number of times Mrs R uses the drops = 1st use at midday 6th April (i.e. time 0) + (72 hours from midday 6th to midday 9th /6 hourly time interval) = 13 timesTherefore Mrs R administers 13 drops.
0.19mg to 1 drop
2.47mg to 13 drops
2.47mg of drug is administered to Mrs R’s right eye. Convert mg to ml
Strength of drops is 0.5%w/v = 0.5g in 100ml
500mg in 100ml
2.47mg in 0.494ml = 0.5mlIncorrect
Mrs R uses the eye drops every 6 hours starting at midday on 6th April. Her appointment is at 3pm on 9th April which means that the last administration would be at midday on that day.
Midday 6th April to midday 9th April = 72 hours.
Total number of times Mrs R uses the drops = 1st use at midday 6th April (i.e. time 0) + (72 hours from midday 6th to midday 9th /6 hourly time interval) = 13 timesTherefore Mrs R administers 13 drops.
0.19mg to 1 drop
2.47mg to 13 drops
2.47mg of drug is administered to Mrs R’s right eye. Convert mg to ml
Strength of drops is 0.5%w/v = 0.5g in 100ml
500mg in 100ml
2.47mg in 0.494ml = 0.5ml -
Question 22 of 40
22. Question
Miss L, a 28 year old lady weighing 57kg is admitted to hospital 10 hours after having taken an overdose of paracetamol tablets. A blood sample taken immediately upon admission yields a plasma paracetamol concentration of 29.1mg/L.
What is the total number of paracetamol 500mg tablets that Miss L ingested? Give your answer to the nearest whole tablet.
Correct
Half life is 2.5 hours. Blood sample is taken 10 hours after the over dose.
10/2.5 = 4. Therefore four half lives have occurred.Current plasma concentration = 29.1mg/L
Initial plasma concentration following overdose (account for the fact that four half lives have passed):
29.1mg/L x 2 = 58.2mg/L
58.2mg/L x 2 = 116.4mg/L
116.4mg/L x 2 = 232.8mg/L
232.8mg/L x 2 = 465.6mg/LTherefore the initial plasma concentration is 465.6mg/L.
Total amount of paracetamol in the blood after overdose = plasma concentration x vd
Vd = 0.9L/kg x 57 = 51.3L
Therefore total paracetamol in blood = 465.6mg/L x 51.3L = 23885.28mgBioavailability is 90%, therefore 23885.28mg = 90% of the dose ingested
(23885.28/90) x 100 = 26539.2mg = total amount of paracetamol ingested
26539.2mg/500mg = 53.0784 = 53 tabletsIncorrect
Half life is 2.5 hours. Blood sample is taken 10 hours after the over dose.
10/2.5 = 4. Therefore four half lives have occurred.Current plasma concentration = 29.1mg/L
Initial plasma concentration following overdose (account for the fact that four half lives have passed):
29.1mg/L x 2 = 58.2mg/L
58.2mg/L x 2 = 116.4mg/L
116.4mg/L x 2 = 232.8mg/L
232.8mg/L x 2 = 465.6mg/LTherefore the initial plasma concentration is 465.6mg/L.
Total amount of paracetamol in the blood after overdose = plasma concentration x vd
Vd = 0.9L/kg x 57 = 51.3L
Therefore total paracetamol in blood = 465.6mg/L x 51.3L = 23885.28mgBioavailability is 90%, therefore 23885.28mg = 90% of the dose ingested
(23885.28/90) x 100 = 26539.2mg = total amount of paracetamol ingested
26539.2mg/500mg = 53.0784 = 53 tablets -
Question 23 of 40
23. Question
Mr F has been instructed to use 1.5L of a 0.01%w/v potassium permanganate solution four times a day for 10 days to cleanse an eczematous wound. You are requested to dispense 400ml of a concentrated solution of potassium permanganate which Mr F will dilute in accordance with instructions to create the solution to use for cleansing.
How many potassium permanganate 400mg tablets do you need to use when formulating 400ml of the concentrated solution to be dispensed to Mr F?
Correct
(note: when diluting, the weight of active ingredient remains the same)
Patient is using 1.5L = 1500ml QDS for 10 days
= 1500 x 4 x 10 = 60000ml
Strength of the solution used = 0.01% = 0.01g in 100ml
Xg in 60000ml
X = (60000/100) x 0.01 = 6g
Therefore 6g = 6000mg of potassium permanganate is required.
Each tablet is 400mg, 6000mg/400mg = 15 tabletsIncorrect
(note: when diluting, the weight of active ingredient remains the same)
Patient is using 1.5L = 1500ml QDS for 10 days
= 1500 x 4 x 10 = 60000ml
Strength of the solution used = 0.01% = 0.01g in 100ml
Xg in 60000ml
X = (60000/100) x 0.01 = 6g
Therefore 6g = 6000mg of potassium permanganate is required.
Each tablet is 400mg, 6000mg/400mg = 15 tablets -
Question 24 of 40
24. Question
Miss N, a 28 year old woman is admitted to hospital suffering with a complicated urinary tract infection. Following assessment, the medical team decide to initiate an intravenous infusion of ceftazidime at a dose of 2g every 12 hours. To prepare the infusion, 10ml of sodium chloride 0.9% solution for injection needs to be added to 2g ceftazidime powder to create a solution with a concentration of 174mg/ml. The reconstituted solution must be further diluted with sodium chloride 0.9% solution for injection to a final concentration of 40mg/ml.
What is the total volume of sodium chloride 0.9% solution for injection that is used in the preparation of the ceftazidime infusion? Give your answer to one decimal place.
Correct
The initial reconstitution involves adding 10ml to 2g to create a concentration of 174mg/ml.
174mg: 1ml
2000mg : 11.4942529ml (This means ceftazidime has a displacement value of 11.4942529 – 10 = 1.49425287ml)Following dilution the final concentration is 40mg/ml
40mg : 1ml
2000mg : 50mlUse total volume = displacement + diluent
50ml = 1.49425287 + diluent
Diluent = 50 – 1.49425287 = 48.5057471ml = 48.5mlIncorrect
The initial reconstitution involves adding 10ml to 2g to create a concentration of 174mg/ml.
174mg: 1ml
2000mg : 11.4942529ml (This means ceftazidime has a displacement value of 11.4942529 – 10 = 1.49425287ml)Following dilution the final concentration is 40mg/ml
40mg : 1ml
2000mg : 50mlUse total volume = displacement + diluent
50ml = 1.49425287 + diluent
Diluent = 50 – 1.49425287 = 48.5057471ml = 48.5ml -
Question 25 of 40
25. Question
You receive a prescription for a 5 day course of nitrofurantoin for an 8 year old child weighing 26kg. The prescriber has provided instructions that the child should take at a dose of 750mcg/kg 4 times a day.
What volume of nitrofurantoin 25mg/5ml oral suspension should you dispense to fulfil this prescription? Give your answer to the nearest 10ml.
Correct
750mcg/kg x 26kg = 19500mcg x 4 = 78000mcg/1000 = 78mg daily
78mg daily x 5 days = 390mg
25mg : 5ml
390mg : xml
X = (390/25) x 5 = 78ml = 80mlIncorrect
750mcg/kg x 26kg = 19500mcg x 4 = 78000mcg/1000 = 78mg daily
78mg daily x 5 days = 390mg
25mg : 5ml
390mg : xml
X = (390/25) x 5 = 78ml = 80ml -
Question 26 of 40
26. Question
Mr K, presents you with a prescription for levofloxacin 5mg/ml eye drops to be administered in accordance with the following instructions:
Instill one to two drops into the left eye every two hours up to 8 times a day for the first two days and then instill one to two drops to the left eye four times daily for 3 days.
You supply Mr K with a 5ml bottle of levofloxacin 5mg/ml labelled with the above instructions.Considering that there are 20 drops per 1ml and that Mr K uses the eye drops at the maximum dose recommended, what volume of levofloxacin eye drops will be remaining in the bottle after Mr K completes the prescribed 5 day course? Give your answer to one decimal place.
Correct
If he uses it at the maximum, that means he will use 2 drops in the left eye 8 times a day for the first two days, then 2 drops four times a day for three days.
First two days: 2 drops x 8 times a day x 2 days = 32 drops
Next three days: 2 drops x 4 times a day x 3 days = 24 drops
Total drops used in 5 days = 32 + 24 = 56 drops20 drops : 1 ml
56 drops : 2.8mlVolume remaining = 5ml – 2.8ml = 2.2ml
Incorrect
If he uses it at the maximum, that means he will use 2 drops in the left eye 8 times a day for the first two days, then 2 drops four times a day for three days.
First two days: 2 drops x 8 times a day x 2 days = 32 drops
Next three days: 2 drops x 4 times a day x 3 days = 24 drops
Total drops used in 5 days = 32 + 24 = 56 drops20 drops : 1 ml
56 drops : 2.8mlVolume remaining = 5ml – 2.8ml = 2.2ml
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Question 27 of 40
27. Question
A 12 year old child weighing 43kg is to be given Vaminolact infusion at a dose of 1.6g amino acid/kg/day. The infusion rate is to be set at 2ml/minute.
Given that Vaminolact infusion contains 65.3g/L amino acids, what will be the total infusion time in hours. Give your answer to the nearest hour.
Correct
Dose: 1.6gamino acid/kg/day x 43kg = 68.8g amino acids
Infusion contains: 65.3g amino acids : 1000ml
68.8g amino acids : 1053.59877ml
Infusion rate: 2ml : 1 minute
1053.59877ml : 526.799387 minutes/60 = 8.77998978 hours = 9 hoursIncorrect
Dose: 1.6gamino acid/kg/day x 43kg = 68.8g amino acids
Infusion contains: 65.3g amino acids : 1000ml
68.8g amino acids : 1053.59877ml
Infusion rate: 2ml : 1 minute
1053.59877ml : 526.799387 minutes/60 = 8.77998978 hours = 9 hours -
Question 28 of 40
28. Question
Mr T is a 32 year old man who weighs 73kg and suffers with epilepsy for which he takes phenytoin 250mg daily. He is admitted to hospital suffering with status epilepticus and a serum phenytoin concentration of 7mg/L is measured.
The doctors would like to administer an intravenous dose of phenytoin to help control the seizures at a rate not exceeding 1mg/kg/minute.
Phenytoin sodium = (20 – measured concentration (mg/L)) x 0.7 x weight(kg) ‘top-up’ dose (mg)
What is the minimum time in minutes in which the required intravenous phenytoin sodium dose can be infused? Give your answer to the nearest whole minute.
Correct
Using the formula provided
Top up dose = (20 – 7) x 0.7 x 73 = 664.3mg
Therefore a phenytoin dose of 664.3mg needs to be administered to achieve target plasma concentrations.Minimum time = maximum rate.
The maximum rate of infusion is 1mg/kg/minute x 73kg = 73mg/minute
73mg in 1 minute
664.3mg in 9.1 minutes = 9 minutesIncorrect
Using the formula provided
Top up dose = (20 – 7) x 0.7 x 73 = 664.3mg
Therefore a phenytoin dose of 664.3mg needs to be administered to achieve target plasma concentrations.Minimum time = maximum rate.
The maximum rate of infusion is 1mg/kg/minute x 73kg = 73mg/minute
73mg in 1 minute
664.3mg in 9.1 minutes = 9 minutes -
Question 29 of 40
29. Question
Master P, a 3 year old child weighing 15kg is prescribed furosemide at a dose of 0.5mg/kg twice a day for the management of oedema. Master P’s mother presents you with a prescription for Frusol 20mg/5ml oral solution and explains that she has read that this solution has a high alcohol content and is rather concerned.
What volume of alcohol will Master P be consuming per day if he takes the medication as prescribed? Give your answer to two decimal places.
Correct
Dose = 0.5mg/kg x 15 = 7.5mg twice a day
7.5mg x 2 = 15mg dailyStrength of solution = 20mg in 5ml
15mg in xml
X = (15/20) x 5 = 3.75mlFrom resource, the solution has an ethanol (alcohol) content of 10% v/v
= 10ml in 100ml
Xml in 3.75mlX = (3.75/100) x 10 = 0.375ml = 0.38ml
Incorrect
Dose = 0.5mg/kg x 15 = 7.5mg twice a day
7.5mg x 2 = 15mg dailyStrength of solution = 20mg in 5ml
15mg in xml
X = (15/20) x 5 = 3.75mlFrom resource, the solution has an ethanol (alcohol) content of 10% v/v
= 10ml in 100ml
Xml in 3.75mlX = (3.75/100) x 10 = 0.375ml = 0.38ml
Hint
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Question 30 of 40
30. Question
Mr P presents you with the following prescription:
Prednisolone 60mg om for 5 days, then reduce by 10mg every 5 days until 10mg for 5 days, then 5mg for 3 days, then stop.
You supply Mr P with all 120 prednisolone 5mg tablets that you have in stock and produce an owing for the remainder.
What is the total number of prednisolone 5mg tablets that are owed to Mr P?
Correct
60mg = 12 tablets x 5 days = 60
50mg = 10 tablets x 5 days = 50
40mg = 8 tablets x 5 days = 40
30mg = 6 tablets x 5 days = 30
20mg = 4 tablets x 5 days = 20
10mg = 2 tablets x 5 days = 10
5mg = 1 tablets x 3 days = 3Total tablets = 213
Tablets owed = 213 – 120 = 93Incorrect
60mg = 12 tablets x 5 days = 60
50mg = 10 tablets x 5 days = 50
40mg = 8 tablets x 5 days = 40
30mg = 6 tablets x 5 days = 30
20mg = 4 tablets x 5 days = 20
10mg = 2 tablets x 5 days = 10
5mg = 1 tablets x 3 days = 3Total tablets = 213
Tablets owed = 213 – 120 = 93 -
Question 31 of 40
31. Question
Master E, a 14 year old boy who suffers with asthma, is having difficulty using his beclometasone dipropionate inhaler and does not want to use a spacer as he thinks its “childish”. He is currently taking two puffs of the beclometasone 100mcg inhaler twice a day. The GP decides to switch him over to QVAR Autohaler which he may find easier to use.
What is the difference in cost between Master E using the beclometasone dipropionate 100mcg/dose inhaler and the Qvar 100 Autohaler over a 3 month period? Give your answer to two decimal places.
Correct
From the BNF, when switching a patient with well controlled asthma, 100mcg metered dose of Qvar should be prescribed for 200-250mcg of beclometasone dipropionate.
He takes 2 puffs of beclometasone 100mcg twice a day = 2×100 = 200mcg twice a day
Therefore Master E, will need to take one puff of the Qvar 100 Autohaler twice a day.Beclometasone dipropionate:
2 puffs twice a day = 2×2 = 4 puffs per day x 28 days = 112 puffs per month x 3 months = 336Over 3 months, he will need 336 doses of beclometasone 100mcg inhaler.
£7.42 : 200 doses
£x : 336 doses
X = (336/200) x 7.42 = £12.4656Qvar 100 Autohaler:
1 puff twice a day = 1×2= 2 puffs daily x 28 days = 56 puffs per month x 3 months = 168Over 3 months, he will need 168 doses of Qvar 100 autohaler.
£17.21 : 200 doses
£x : 168 doses
X = (168/200) x £17.21 = £14.4564Cost difference = 14.4564 – 12.4656 = 1.9908 = £1.99
Incorrect
From the BNF, when switching a patient with well controlled asthma, 100mcg metered dose of Qvar should be prescribed for 200-250mcg of beclometasone dipropionate.
He takes 2 puffs of beclometasone 100mcg twice a day = 2×100 = 200mcg twice a day
Therefore Master E, will need to take one puff of the Qvar 100 Autohaler twice a day.Beclometasone dipropionate:
2 puffs twice a day = 2×2 = 4 puffs per day x 28 days = 112 puffs per month x 3 months = 336Over 3 months, he will need 336 doses of beclometasone 100mcg inhaler.
£7.42 : 200 doses
£x : 336 doses
X = (336/200) x 7.42 = £12.4656Qvar 100 Autohaler:
1 puff twice a day = 1×2= 2 puffs daily x 28 days = 56 puffs per month x 3 months = 168Over 3 months, he will need 168 doses of Qvar 100 autohaler.
£17.21 : 200 doses
£x : 168 doses
X = (168/200) x £17.21 = £14.4564Cost difference = 14.4564 – 12.4656 = 1.9908 = £1.99
Hint
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Question 32 of 40
32. Question
You are required to produce a batch of 50,000 doxazosin 4mg tablets. In addition to the doxazosin, each tablet is to contain 60mg of disintegrants and flow regulators, 36mg of coating and the remainder of the tablet is to be made up with lactose.
Given that each tablet will have a final total weight of 135mg, what is the total weight in Kg of lactose required to manufacture this batch of tablets? Give your answer to two decimal places.
Correct
Each tablet weighs 135mg = disintegrants and flow regulators + doxazosin + coating + lactose
135mg = 60mg + 4mg + 36mg + lactose
135mg = 100 + lactose
Lactose = 135mg – 100 = 35mg lactose/tablet
Total lactose = 35mg x 50000 = 1750000mg/1000 = 1750g/1000 = 1.75KgIncorrect
Each tablet weighs 135mg = disintegrants and flow regulators + doxazosin + coating + lactose
135mg = 60mg + 4mg + 36mg + lactose
135mg = 100 + lactose
Lactose = 135mg – 100 = 35mg lactose/tablet
Total lactose = 35mg x 50000 = 1750000mg/1000 = 1750g/1000 = 1.75Kg -
Question 33 of 40
33. Question
You dispense the following prescription for Miss N, an 8 year old girl weighing 28kg:
Cefalexin 50mg/ml suspension, 12.5mg/kg twice a day for 5 days
Assuming Miss N takes the medication as prescribed and that there is no wastage, what volume of suspension would you expect to be remaining in the 100ml bottle after she completes the course?
Correct
12.5mg/kg x 28kg = 350mg
50mg: 1ml
350mg : 7ml
Therefore Miss N must take 7ml twice a day = 7×2 = 14ml x 5 days = 70ml
100ml – 70ml = 30mlIncorrect
12.5mg/kg x 28kg = 350mg
50mg: 1ml
350mg : 7ml
Therefore Miss N must take 7ml twice a day = 7×2 = 14ml x 5 days = 70ml
100ml – 70ml = 30ml -
Question 34 of 40
34. Question
You receive a request for lidocaine hydrochloride 3.5%w/w ointment. You currently have lidocaine hydrochloride 5%w/w ointment in stock which you can mix with a suitable diluent to prepare the desired strength.
How much diluent do you need to mix with the stock ointment to prepare 175g of the lidocaine hydrochloride 3.5%w/w ointment? Give your answer to one decimal place.
Correct
Use C1V1 = C2V2
5V1 = 3.5 x 175
V1 = 612.5/5 = 122.5gTherefore 122.5g of the 5% ointment is required to make 175g of the 3.5% ointment. 122.5g of the final ointment comes from the 5% ointment. The rest of the ointment is diluent.
Diluent = 175 – 122.5 = 52.5g
Incorrect
Use C1V1 = C2V2
5V1 = 3.5 x 175
V1 = 612.5/5 = 122.5gTherefore 122.5g of the 5% ointment is required to make 175g of the 3.5% ointment. 122.5g of the final ointment comes from the 5% ointment. The rest of the ointment is diluent.
Diluent = 175 – 122.5 = 52.5g
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Question 35 of 40
35. Question
Mr T, a 66 year old man weighing 65kg, is receiving 120mg of diamorphine in 24 hours via a syringe driver that is 10cm in length. The diamorphine hydrochloride dose has been made up to 48ml with water for injection and the syringe driver has been set at a rate of 4.2mm/hour.
What dose of diamorphine in mcg/kg/min is the patient receiving? Give your answer to one decimal place.Correct
Rate = 4.2mm/hour
Length of syringe = 10cm = 100mm
Total drug = 120mg120mg : 100mm
Xmg : 4.2mm
X = (4.2/100) x 120 = 5.04mg = 5.04mg/hour(5.04mg/hour) / 65kg = (0.07753846mg/kg/hour) / 60minutes = (0.00129231mg/kg/min) x 1000 = 1.29230769 mcg/kg/min = 1.3mcg/kg/min
Incorrect
Rate = 4.2mm/hour
Length of syringe = 10cm = 100mm
Total drug = 120mg120mg : 100mm
Xmg : 4.2mm
X = (4.2/100) x 120 = 5.04mg = 5.04mg/hour(5.04mg/hour) / 65kg = (0.07753846mg/kg/hour) / 60minutes = (0.00129231mg/kg/min) x 1000 = 1.29230769 mcg/kg/min = 1.3mcg/kg/min
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Question 36 of 40
36. Question
Mr U, a 42 year old man weighing 81kg, is to receive a 7 day course of amphotericin as Fungizone intravenous infusion for a severe systemic fungal infection. Following an initial test dose of 1mg given over 30 minutes on day 1, Mr U receives the following doses of Fungizone:
Day 1: 62.5mcg/kg/hour for four hours, given at least 30 minutes after the test dose
Day 2:125mcg/kg/hour for four hours
Day 3: 187.5mcg/kg/hour for four hours
Day 4 onwards: 250mcg/kg/hour for four hoursWhat is the total amount of amphotericin in mg that Mr U would have received during the entire course of treatment? Give your answer to one decimal place.
Correct
Day 1: (62.5mcg/kg/hour) x 81kg = 5062.5mcg/hour x 4 hours = 20250mcg/1000 = 20.25mg
Day 2: (125mcg/kg/hour) x 81kg = 10125mcg/hour x 4 hours = 40500mcg/1000 = 40.5mg
Day 3: (187.5mcg/kg/hour)x81kg = 15187.5mcg/hour x 4 hours = 60750mcg/1000 = 60.75mg
Day 4, 5, 6 and 7: (250mcg/kg/hour) x 81kg = 20250mcgx 4 hours = 81000mcg/1000 = 81mg/day x 4 days = 324mg
Total amphotericin = 20.25 + 40.5 + 60.75 + 324 + 1mg (initial test dose) = 446.5mg
Incorrect
Day 1: (62.5mcg/kg/hour) x 81kg = 5062.5mcg/hour x 4 hours = 20250mcg/1000 = 20.25mg
Day 2: (125mcg/kg/hour) x 81kg = 10125mcg/hour x 4 hours = 40500mcg/1000 = 40.5mg
Day 3: (187.5mcg/kg/hour)x81kg = 15187.5mcg/hour x 4 hours = 60750mcg/1000 = 60.75mg
Day 4, 5, 6 and 7: (250mcg/kg/hour) x 81kg = 20250mcgx 4 hours = 81000mcg/1000 = 81mg/day x 4 days = 324mg
Total amphotericin = 20.25 + 40.5 + 60.75 + 324 + 1mg (initial test dose) = 446.5mg
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Question 37 of 40
37. Question
You are required to dispense a solution of potassium chloride by making a 1 in 20 dilution from 50ml of a 0.5% w/v stock solution.
What is the concentration of the solution you need to dispense in parts per million?
Correct
Stock solution: 0.5% – 0.5g : 100ml
0.25g : 50ml50ml is diluted 1 in 20. Dilution factor is 20. Therefore 50ml x 20 = 1000ml
When diluting, weight of active remains the same. Therefore 0.25g in 50ml of stock is now contained in 1000ml.
Solution to be dispensed = 0.25g : 1000ml
Xg : 1000000ml
X = (1000000/1000) x 0.25 = 250gIncorrect
Stock solution: 0.5% – 0.5g : 100ml
0.25g : 50ml50ml is diluted 1 in 20. Dilution factor is 20. Therefore 50ml x 20 = 1000ml
When diluting, weight of active remains the same. Therefore 0.25g in 50ml of stock is now contained in 1000ml.
Solution to be dispensed = 0.25g : 1000ml
Xg : 1000000ml
X = (1000000/1000) x 0.25 = 250g -
Question 38 of 40
38. Question
A patient on your ward has been prescribed a course of erythromycin 500mg qds for 10 days for a skin infection. The patient has taken 14 doses during their stay in hospital and is now medically fit for discharge.
How many erythromycin 250mg tablets do you need to supply to this patient on discharge so that they can complete the entire course?
Correct
Dose needs to be taken 4 times a day. Patient has taken 14 doses already,
14 doses / 4 times a day = 3.5 days Therefore the patient has already taken 3.5 days of their course.
Total course duration = 10 days,
10 days – 3.5 days = 6.5 days remainingDose = 500mg qds = 2 x 250mg qds
Therefore tablets required = 2 tablets x 4 times a day x 6.5 days = 52 tabletsIncorrect
Dose needs to be taken 4 times a day. Patient has taken 14 doses already,
14 doses / 4 times a day = 3.5 days Therefore the patient has already taken 3.5 days of their course.
Total course duration = 10 days,
10 days – 3.5 days = 6.5 days remainingDose = 500mg qds = 2 x 250mg qds
Therefore tablets required = 2 tablets x 4 times a day x 6.5 days = 52 tablets -
Question 39 of 40
39. Question
Mrs M, a 57 year old palliative care patient is finding it increasingly difficult to swallow. She regularly takes 60mg MST tablets twice a day and 10ml Oramorph oral solution 10mg/5ml every four hours when required. Over the past two weeks, she has been taking 10ml Oramorph three times a day. The pain team have decided to switch Mrs M over to a transdermal preparation due to the increasing problems she is experiencing with swallowing.
Which strength of fentanyl patches should the pain team prescribe for Mrs M?
Correct
MST 60mg bd = 60×2 = 120mg
Oramorph 10mg/5ml, 10ml tds = 30ml daily – 10mg:5ml
60mg:30ml
Therefore total daily morphine dose = 120mg + 60mg = 180mg
From the resource 180mg of morphine daily is equivalent to the fentanyl 75 patch.Incorrect
MST 60mg bd = 60×2 = 120mg
Oramorph 10mg/5ml, 10ml tds = 30ml daily – 10mg:5ml
60mg:30ml
Therefore total daily morphine dose = 120mg + 60mg = 180mg
From the resource 180mg of morphine daily is equivalent to the fentanyl 75 patch.Hint
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Question 40 of 40
40. Question
Mr H, a 64 year old man who is a regular patient at your pharmacy, has been taking citalopram 40mg tablets once daily for the last four months. He presents you with a prescription for citalopram oral drops 40mg/ml and explains that his GP prescribed the drops for him as he was finding it difficult to swallow the tablets.
Given that 4 oral drops (8mg) is equivalent in therapeutic effect to a 10mg tablets, how many whole days will a 15ml bottle of oral drops last Mr H?
Correct
8mg oral drops : 10mg tablets
32mg oral drops: 40mg tabletsTherefore MR H will need to take 32mg oral drops daily.
Strength of drops: 40mg : 1ml
32mg : 0.8ml
He will be using 0.8ml daily. The bottle is 15ml = 15ml/0.8ml = 18.75 days = 18 daysIncorrect
8mg oral drops : 10mg tablets
32mg oral drops: 40mg tabletsTherefore MR H will need to take 32mg oral drops daily.
Strength of drops: 40mg : 1ml
32mg : 0.8ml
He will be using 0.8ml daily. The bottle is 15ml = 15ml/0.8ml = 18.75 days = 18 days